Comprehensive Nanotechnology Glossary: A to Z Terms and Definitions 0 1 2 3 4 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 0 0D (Zero-dimensional) Materials Back to Top 1 1D (One-dimensional) Materials Back to Top 2 2D (Two-dimensional) Materials 2D-XRD (Two-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction) 2D Polymer Back to Top 3 3D Graphene Back to Top 4 4D-STEM (4D Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy) Back to Top A AES (Auger Electron Spectroscopy) ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) Antimonene Aerogel AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) AFAM (Atomic Force Acoustic Microscopy) Atom Probe Tomography (APT) Atomic Layer Etching Ångström Anomalous Hall Effect Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES) Anisotropic Nanoparticles Back to Top B Bionanotechnology Borophene Bottom-up Nanotechnology Brownian Motion Band Gap Engineering Buckyball Buckypaper Boron Nitride Bioelectronics Ballistic Electron Transport Block Copolymer Lithography Bose-Einstein Condensate (BCE) Bimetallic nanoparticles Bioinspired Nanomaterials Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) Analysis Bragg Coherent Diffraction Imaging Boron Nitride Nanotubes (BNNT) Back to Top C Carbon Nanotube Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) Contact Profilometry (Stylus) Colloidal Nanoparticles Covalent Organic Framework (COF) Cleanroom Carbon Allotropes Chiral Plasmonics Carbon Dots Cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) Critical Dimension Scanning Electron Microscopy (CD-SEM) Colloidal Lithography Core-Shell Nanoparticle Chirality Carbon Nanobelt Carbon Nanomaterials Carbon Nanohorns Ceramic Nanoparticles Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy (C-AFM) Cryo-Electron Tomography (cryo-ET) Capillary Force Lithography (CFL) Coulomb Attraction Coulomb Blockade Back to Top D Dendrimers Dip Pen Nanolithography (DPN) DNA Nanotechnology DNA Origami De Broglie Wavelength Dirac Materials DNA Nanobots Density Functional Theory (DFT) Diffraction Limit Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) Dirac Cone Defect States Back to Top E Electron Beam Lithography (EBL) Electronegativity Ellipsometry Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS or EDX) Electronic Skin Electrospinning Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL) Electromagnetic Nanogenerator (EMG) Environmental Nanotechnology Electron Microscopy Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) Electrohydrodynamic (Ejet) Printing Electron Holography Electrochemical Atomic Force Microscopy (C-AFM) Electronic Paper Electrostatic Force Microscopy (EFM) Electron Tomography Electron Beam Induced Deposition (EBID) Electronic Tattoo Electron Diffraction Back to Top F FinFET Transistor Focused Ion Beam Lithography (FIBL) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Fullerene Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Fluidic Force Microscopy (FluidFM) Force Microscopy Focused Ion Beam Milling Flexible Electronics Flexoelectricity Functionalization Force Spectroscopy Friction Force Microscopy (FFM) Ferroelectric Crystals Few-Molecule Reservoir Computing Fermi Liquid Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) Back to Top G Germanene Graphene Graphene Batteries Graphene Oxide Graphdiyne Graphyne Graphone Graphane Graphene Quantum Dots Grain Boundaries Gold Nanoparticles Graphene (nanocellular) Giant Magnetoresistance Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering (GISAXS) Back to Top H Hydrogel High-K Dielectrics Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) Hall-Petch Strengthening High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) Heterojunctions Heterostructure Catalysis Hall Effect Hermitian Hamiltonians Back to Top I Indenene Inorganic Nanoparticles Ion Scattering Spectroscopy Guide Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy Isotropic Nanoparticles Integrated Circuit Back to Top J Janus Nanoparticles Josephson Junction Back to Top K Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM) Kagome Materials Back to Top L LED – Light-emitting Diode Liposomes Lithography in Nanotechnology LCD – Liquid Crystal Display Lipid Nanoparticles Liquid Metal Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) Layer-by-Layer Assembly Lab-on-a-Chip Laser Ablation Liquid Crystal Nanoparticles Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) Technique Liquid-Phase Exfoliation Back to Top M Memristor MEMS (Microelectro-mechanical System Metamaterial & Metasurface Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) MXene Microfluidics Molecular Assembly Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) Monodispersity Majorana Fermions Molecular Nanotechnology MOSFET Machine Learning in Nanotechnology Moore's Law Metrology in Nanotechnology Molecular Dynamics Simulation Magnonics Multiple Exciton Generation Magnetic Tunnel Junctions Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) Molecular Motors Mechanosynthesis Magnetic Nanoparticles Magnetic Tweezers Magneto-Ionic Gating Mass Spectrometry Meta-Optics Metallic Nanoparticles Metalenses Metal-Organic Nanosheet (MON) Microtransfer Printing Molecular Electronics Multiferroics Molecular Switch Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Mott Insulator Magnonic Crystals Mesoporous Materials Mie Scattering Mechanical Exfoliation Micromechanical Cleavage Moiré Materials Magic Angle Back to Top N Nanotechnology Nanoengineering Nanofabrication Nanomanufac-turing Nanomaterial Nanoparticles Nanophotonics Nanorobots Nanorobotics Nanobots Nanogenerators Nanoemulsion Nanotechnology Education Nanotechnology Standards Nanocellulose Neuromorphic Computing Nanobiotechnology Nanoelectronics Nanofiltration Nanocoatings Nanocomposites Nanotechnology in Food & Agriculture Nanotechnology in Energy Nanotechnology in Space Exploration Nanoimprint Lithography (NIL) Nanopores Nanomedicine Nanosensors Nanoampere Nanomol Nanocandela Nanogram Nanosecond Nanometer Nanodiamond Nanoscience Nanoplastics Nanocantilever Nanotoxicology Nanogel Nanoscale Near-field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM) Nano-Optics Near-Field-Optics Nanoantenna Nanotechnology Standards Nanowire Nanocluster Nanoceramics Nanocrystal Nanofiber Nanocatalyst / Nanocatalysis NEMS (Nanoelectro-mechanical System) NRAM (Nanotube-based Random Access Memory) Nanozymes Nanoemitter Nanofluidics Nanofluidic Transistor Nanopatterning Nanorod Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) Centers Nanomagnetism Nanolaser Nanoindentation Nanometrology Neuromorphic Engineering Nanoclay Nanoethics Nanoionics Nanocarbon Nanobiomaterials Nanobiomechanics Nanobiosensors Nanoactuator Nanoplasmonics Nanochemistry Nanocircuits Nanocapsule Nanocrystalline Materials Nanodevices Nanofertilizer Nanofilm Nanoimaging Nanoink Nanoliter Nanomachines Nanomechanics Nanocellular graphene Nanomolar Nanomotor Nanonewton Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis Nanopesticide Nanophotonic Circuits Nanophysics Nanopiezotronics Nanomanipulation Nanopixel Nanopipette Nanoporous Materials Nanoprecipitation Nanoprinting Nanoprobe Nanorheology Nanoreactor Nanoscale Thermodynamics Nanoscopy Nanoshells Nanosphere Colloidal Lithography Nanosponge Nanostencil Lithography Nanostructured Superalloys Nanoswimmers Nanotoxicity Nanotribology Neuro-nanotechnology Nanoelectrode Nanoelectro-chemistry Neutron Scattering NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy Nonlinear Optical Crystals Nanopore DNA Sequencing Non-Hermitian Physics NAND Flash Nanocapacitor Neutron Reflectometry Nanoribbon Nanostructured Materials Back to Top O Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) Optical Lithography Optical Profilometry Optical Tweezers Organic Electronics One-dimensional Materials Optoelectronics Optical Scatterometry Optical Cavity Optical Resonator Organic Molecular Beam Deposition (OMBD) Organic Field-Effect Transistor (OFET) Optomechanical Crystals Organic Photovoltaics (OPV) Back to Top P Perovskite Phosphorene Photolithography Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (PENG) Pyroelectric Nanogenerator (PyENG) Plasmonic Nanoparticles Plasmon / Plasmonics Peptide Nanotubes Photonic Crystals Phase-change Materials Programmable Matter Photon Upconversion Nanoparticles Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM) Photoelectron Spectroscopy Polymeric Nanoparticles P-N Junction Photoactivated Localization Microscopy (PALM) Phononic Crystals Phoxonic Crystals Photorefractive Crystals Piezoelectric Crystals Plasmonic Crystals Polaritronic Crystals Photoemission Spectroscopy Photoluminescence Quantum Yield Plasmonic Hot Electron Photovoltaics Pulsed Laser Deposition Plastic Electronics Printed Electronics Pseudocapacitor Back to Top Q Quantum Dots QLED – Quantum Dot Light-emitting Diode Quantum Hall Effect Quantum Spin Liquid Quantum Size Effects Quantum Tunneling Effect Quantum Dot Solar Cell Quantum Technology Qubit Quantum Computing Quantum Communication Quantum Effects Quantum Confinement Quantum Wells Quantum Wire Quantum Fluid Quantum Optics Quantum Metrology Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator Quantum Emission Quantum Emitter Quantum Interference Quantum Sensing Quantum Photonics Quantum Spin Hall Insulator Quantum Topology Back to Top R Raman Spectroscopy RNA Nanotechnology Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) Resistive Random-Access Memory (ReRAM) Random-Access Memory (RAM) Resonator Back to Top S Self-assembly Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Semiconductor Industry Silicene Spintronics Stanene Structural Colors Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) Smart Dust Supercapacitor Surface Plasmon Resonance Single-atom Catalyst Spin-Orbit Coupling (SOC) SP Hybridization Skyrmion Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy (SNOM) Straintronics Strain Engineering Sol-Gel Synthesis SERS (Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering) Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy Single-Molecule Imaging Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) Superhydro-phobicity Superhydro-philicity Superwettability Spin Coating Stretchable Electronics Semiconductor Nanoparticles Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy Structured Illumination Microscopy (SIM) Superconducting Crystals Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (SICM) Scanning Microwave Microscopy Self-Healing Materials Semiconductor Technology Super-Resolution Microscopy Silver Nanoparticles Single-Electron Transistors Single-Photon Emitters Silicon-Vacancy (SiV) Centers Spin Liquids Soft Lithography Spin Valve Stokes-Einstein Equation Surface Plasmons Supramolecular Assembly Surface-to-Volume Ratio Surface Functionalization Superconductivity Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (SEIRA) Spectroscopy Surface Force Apparatus (SFA) Synthetic Nanomotors Scotch Tape Method Scanning Transmission X-Ray Microscopy (STXM) Scanning X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy Back to Top T Top-down Nanotechnology Topological Insulator Transistor Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) Twistronics Terahertz Technologies Two-dimensional Materials Topological Materials Topological Electronic States Topological Superconductor Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) Tribo-Thermoelectric Nanogenerator (TTENG) Thin Films Tunneling Magnetoresistance Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor (TFET) Two-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction (2D-XRD)) Topological Crystals Targeted Drug Delivery Template-Assisted Growth Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS) Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Transparent Electronics Tunnel Junction Tunable Optical Materials Back to Top U Ultracapacitor Upconversion Nanoparticles Ultramicrotomy UV-Vis Spectroscopy Back to Top V Valleytronics van der Waals Forces van der Waals Heterostructures van der Waals Materials Vapor-Liquid-Solid (VLS) Growth Valley Degree of Freedom Back to Top W Weyl Semimetals Waveguide Whispering Gallery Mode Wet Etching Back to Top X XRD (X-ray Diffraction) XRL (X-ray Lithography) XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) X-Ray Reflectometry (XRR) X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) X-Ray Nanoprobe X-Ray Crystallography X-Ray Tomography X-Ray Scattering Back to Top Y Young's Modulus Back to Top Z Zero-dimensional Materials Zeolites Zeta Potential Measurements Back to Top