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Control variable

A control variable (or scientific constant) in scientific experimentation is an experimental element which is constant and unchanged throughout the course of the investigation. Control variables could strongly influence experimental results, were they not held constant during the experiment in order to test the relative relationship of the dependent and independent variables. The control variables themselves are not of primary interest to the experimenter.

 
Note:   The above text is excerpted from the Wikipedia article Control variable, which has been released under the GNU Free Documentation License.
 

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